This document established official military strategies to the Chinese Red Army during the Chinese civil war.
Historian David Priestland dates the beginning of the policy of people's war to the publication of a "General Outline for Military Work" in May 1928, by Chinese Central Committee. In the 1980s and 1990s the concept of people's war was changed to include more high-technology weaponry. The concept of people's war became less important with the collapse of the Soviet Union and the increasing possibility of conflict with the United States over Taiwan. Within the Chinese Red Army, the concept of people's war was the basis of strategy against the Japanese, and against a hypothetical Soviet invasion of China. Eventually in phase three, the movement has enough strength to encircle and capture small cities, then larger ones, until finally it seizes power in the entire country. As it grows in power, it enters phase two, establishes other revolutionary base areas and spreads its influence through the surrounding countryside, where it may become the governing power and gain popular support through such programmes as land reform. It attempts to establish a local stronghold known as a revolutionary base area. In phase one, the revolutionary force conducting people's war starts in a remote area with mountainous or forested terrain in which its enemy is weak. Instead, it favours a three-phase strategy of protracted warfare, with carefully chosen battles that can realistically be won. People's war strategically avoids decisive battles, since a tiny force of a few dozen soldiers would easily be routed in an all-out confrontation with the state. In its original formulation by Chairman Mao Zedong, people's war exploits the few advantages that a small revolutionary movement has-broad-based popular support can be one of them-against a state's power with a large, professional, well-equipped and well-funded army. In China Simplified guerrilla warfare organization The classic "3-phase" Maoist model as adapted by North Vietnam's Ho Chi Minh and Võ Nguyên Giáp. ( June 2009) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. However, protracted war should not be confused with the "foco" theory employed by Che Guevara and Fidel Castro in the Cuban Revolution of 1959. The strategy of people's war was used heavily by the Viet Cong in the Vietnam War. Troop numbers were also reduced and professionalisation encouraged. With the adoption of " socialism with Chinese characteristics", economic reforms fueled military and technological investment. After the Sino-Vietnamese War in 1979, Deng Xiaoping abandoned people's war for "People's War under Modern Conditions", which moved away from reliance on troops over technology. The term is used by Maoists for their strategy of long-term armed revolutionary struggle. It was used by the Chinese communists against the Imperial Japanese Army in World War II, and by the Chinese Soviet Republic in the Chinese Civil War. First developed by the Chinese communist revolutionary leader Mao Zedong (1893–1976), the basic concept behind people's war is to maintain the support of the population and draw the enemy deep into the countryside (stretching their supply lines) where the population will bleed them dry through a mix of mobile warfare and guerrilla warfare.
People's war ( Chinese: 人民战争), also called protracted people's war, is a Maoist military strategy.
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